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Solar-powered cold storage facility

For commercial and industrial refrigeration projects (cold rooms, cold stores, process cooling) — not household fridges, home freezers or appliance repair. Results are planning estimates, not engineering design or safety advice; a qualified refrigeration engineer must confirm sizing before purchase.

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Solar refrigeration savings calculator

Estimate annual kWh, USD, diesel and CO₂ savings from adding PV + battery storage to a refrigeration plant. Sizing, CAPEX and payback in one page.

Scenario

Standard engineering assumptions

Annual savings
$122,540
Base case · Simple payback ~ 4.5 years
Solar + BESS CAPEX
$556,000
PV 370 kWp · BESS 690 kWh
Annual energy demand
1,095,000 kWh
Baseline annual energy cost: $172,322
Recommended PV size
370 kWp
Battery storage
690 kWh
CO₂ avoided / year
303 t

Estimates Only: This calculator is provided for general informational purposes only. Results are approximate and may contain errors, omissions, or outdated information. They do not constitute legal, financial, engineering, tax, technical, or professional advice. Users are solely responsible for independently verifying all calculations, specifications, prices, regulations, and requirements with qualified professionals before making any decisions. By using this calculator, you acknowledge that the website owners, operators, and affiliates accept no responsibility or liability for any loss, damage, or decisions resulting from its use.

FAQ

How does the calculator estimate PV size?

PV kWp = (annual refrigeration kWh × PV share target) ÷ climate-specific yield (1,200 / 1,600 / 1,900 kWh per installed kWp). It assumes a modern grid-tied inverter, 15% system losses and a well-oriented roof or ground-mount.

What CAPEX benchmarks are used?

USD 850/kWp installed for PV (module + inverter + BOS + installation) and USD 350/kWh for LFP battery storage. Adjust with the scenario selector: optimistic (−15%), base, pessimistic (+20%).

Is this enough for a bankable feasibility study?

No — this is an order-of-magnitude study for pre-feasibility, budgeting and lender briefings. For bankable, you need on-site load metering, PVsyst simulation, geotechnical, and detailed grid-code analysis. ColdMatch can run this study through qualified engineering partners.

How is CO₂ avoided calculated?

kWh displaced × 0.45 kg CO₂/kWh (global grid average). Diesel displaced × 2.68 kg CO₂/L. Actual values depend on grid mix — MENA / SSA hybrids typically save 50–80% more per kWh than an EU grid average.

Can PV realistically cover a 24/7 refrigeration load?

60–80% renewable fraction is achievable with a PV+BESS hybrid and grid or diesel backup. Higher fractions (85–95%) need oversized PV plus 12–24 h storage — CAPEX rises sharply. The tool caps PV share at 90% to reflect this.

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Calculation method

  1. 1. Baseline kWh/yr = load kW × hours/day × 365; after efficiency = baseline × (1 − saving %)
  2. 2. Split into grid and diesel shares; diesel cost/kWh = fuel price ÷ 3.5 kWh per litre
  3. 3. PV energy = consumption × PV share; PV kWp = PV kWh ÷ site yield (kWh/kWp·yr)
  4. 4. Battery kWh = load kW × backup hours × 1.15
  5. 5. Annual saving = avoided grid + avoided diesel + efficiency saving; payback = CAPEX ÷ saving

Calculations run in SI (m, m², m³, kW, kg, °C). Imperial equivalents: 1 m² = 10.76 ft², 1 m³ = 35.31 ft³, 1 kW = 3,412 BTU/h = 0.284 TR, 1 t = 2,205 lb, °F = °C × 1.8 + 32. Fuel: 1 L = 0.264 US gal.

Worked example

Default 150 kW refrigeration load with partial diesel supply.

Inputs

  • • 150 kW (511,800 BTU/h)
  • • 20 h/day
  • • 10% efficiency saving
  • • 20% diesel, 60% PV share
  • • Diesel USD 1.10/L (user input)

Calculation

  • • Baseline = 150 × 20 × 365 = 1,095,000 kWh/yr
  • • After efficiency = 985,500 kWh; diesel 197,100 kWh, grid 788,400 kWh
  • • PV energy = 985,500 × 0.6 ≈ 591,300 kWh/yr
  • • Diesel energy cost = 1.10 ÷ 3.5 ≈ USD 0.31/kWh
  • • Battery = 150 × 4 × 1.15 = 690 kWh

≈ 591,300 kWh/yr from PV and a ≈ 690 kWh battery; kWp, savings and payback depend on the selected site yield.

Limitations

  • • Site yield is a regional average; shading, tilt and soiling need a PV simulation.
  • • PV share is capped at 90% — refrigeration still needs grid or generator backup at night.
  • • Tariffs and fuel prices are user inputs; escalation and financing are not modelled.

Illustrative planning result only. Confirm the final design, duty, equipment selection and performance with a qualified refrigeration engineer and supplier quotation.

Follows the ColdMatch calculation standard: method, worked example, limitations and imperial units.